Breakthrough Nanoparticle Halts Multiple Sclerosis in Mice, Offers Hope for Other Immune-Related Diseases
Nanotechnology is a new type 1 diabetes, food allergies and the immune-mediated diseases including asthma as a form of allergic airway can be applied.
In MS, the immune system myelin membrane of the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve insulates nerve cells are attacked. When the insulation is destroyed, electrical signals can be effectively managed not, symptoms of paralysis or blindness to the light organs causing numbness. Approximately 80% of MS patients relapsing remitting form of the disease are diagnosed with.
North West Nanotechnology immune system as all current treatments for MS, the everyday infections and cancer patients have a higher rate of sensitization is not pressing. When the immune system are associated with nanoparticles myelin antigens in mice injected reset to normal. An alien invader and halts the attack as it prevents the immune system recognizes myelin.
Stephen Miller, studied Microbiology and Immunology couple of Gugenheim Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine professor told the author: "This is a very important step in translational immunotherapy,". "The beauty of this new technology is that much of it can be used in immune-related diseases, we only change is that antigen.
"The holy grail is to develop specific therapy for pathological immune response, in this case the body attacks myelin," Miller said. The point is that our immune system to attack myelin, it is no longer maintained but leaves normal immune system function. '
nanoparticle, creating a simple and FDA approved material already made, Lonnie Shea, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science at Northwestern professor of chemical and biological engineering was developed by.
"This is a major milestone for Nanotechnology, of course you use the immune system can control," Shea said the same author. Paper in the journal Nature Biotechnology, will be published November 18.
Shea Miller, and also Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University is a member. In addition, Shea BioNanotechnology is a member of the medical establishment and the Institute of Chemistry of life processes.
Key difference - Ms. clinical trial to test the same approach
With one key difference - how to study multiple sclerosis patients in a phase I / II clinical trial of this approach is being tested. Case of a patient uses his white blood cells - an expensive and labor processes - to provide antigen.He said.
The big advantage of Nanoparticle Immunotherapy
Nanoparticles have many advantages, they can immediately and in a laboratory for manufacturing quality. The general population would be a cheap and possible treatment. In addition, the nanoparticles poly (lactide co-glycolide) (PLG), lactic acid and glycolic acid in the human body consists of two metabolites of natural polymers are made from. PLG most commonly used for biodegradable sutures.
The fact that PLG is already FDA approved for other programs, patients should facilitate research translation, Shea noted. Shea Miller and tested nanoparticles of different sizes and found that 500 nanometers was most effective in modulating the immune response.
"We stopped for a future relapses 100 days in the life of an MS patient is equivalent to several years."
Shea and Miller also currently a diabetes type nanoparticles and airway diseases such as asthma treatment are testing.
Nanoparticles fool the immune system
In the study, researchers attached nanoparticles myelin antigens and injected intravenously into mice. Particles spleen, which filters blood and helps the body dispose of blood into the cells age and die. Hello, particles macrophages, immune cells, which then showed them a variety of cell surface antigens were engulfed by. Immune system blood cells die and there's nothing to worry about as seen nanoparticles. Myelin accountable directly inhibiting the activity of T cells and regulatory T cells by an autoimmune response more comfortable by increasing the number of immune tolerance to antigens produced.
"The key here is that the antigen / particle-based approach to induction of tolerance and target selection. General immunosuppression, autoimmune diseases for which current therapy is used in contrast, the new process does not close the immune system, "They said Christine Kelley, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and National Institute of Health, Discovery Science and Technology to support the research director of the division of Bioengineering. Immunology and bioengineering expertise collaborative effort between the scientific potential of convergent approach to biomedical problems can be done is a terrible example. '
"We have an excellent team of Dr. Stephen Miller with academic scientists are proud of our expertise in clinical development," Scott Johnson, CEO, Myelin Repair Foundation's president and founder, said. "Nanoparticles couple of antigens think Dr. Miller Laboratory, Myelin Repair Foundation Drug Discovery Advisory Board and Dr. Michael Pleiss, Myelin Repair Foundation internal conversation between a member of the research team is pregnant, and we were concentrating our efforts for autoimmune diseases common to focus all patience with broad implications based, clinically relevant research and academic science, innovation out our unique research model that we have the technology commercialization and transfer funds. "important to ensure that the most important goal is designed to promote. Way to treat autoimmune diseases in the patients with MS and reach, has the best chance. '
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