New Patient-Friendly Way to Make Stem Cells for Fight Against Heart Disease

 New Patient-Friendly Way to Make Stem Cells for Fight Against Heart Disease

 
 Nov 30 their research was published in the journal Stem Cells: Translational Medicine.
Study, British Heart (BHF) Foundation, Medical Research Council (MRC) and the Wellcome Trust funding, the scientists a way that they encourage a normal blood cells from pluripotent stem (IPS) cells (3) the need to determine the model to get.may need in IPS cells.
Dr. Amir Rana and his colleagues at the University of Cambridge in the blood and isolated lab known as the "result of late endothelial progenitor cells in patients increased (L EPCs) into IPS cells. IPS cells in the body can be transformed into any other cell, including blood vessel cells or heart cells - using a cocktail of chemicals.a. elderly - all while sampling blood for patients is normal.
Researchers frozen "and storing blood cells, IPS cells and then later turn them, change them as soon as they are received, instead of, as previously used for other cell types matter can have fun. practical value - using patient samples from the date prolonging ".
used for the treatment of patients can be obstacles to overcome. '
Dr. Paul Colville Nash, MRC and regenerative medicine program manager, said: "IPS cell technology lab based model of disease, the disease will understand and use new drugs can be tested, as well as constructionIn order to increase the application must support to achieve by being able to produce. "

Risk of Childhood Obesity Can Be Predicted at Birth

 Risk of Childhood Obesity Can Be Predicted at Birth

 
More on a simple formula ONE PLOS Open Access Journal published a study in a child's chances of being obese in childhood can predict.
Formula, which is available as an online calculator, child obesity her birth weight, parental body mass index, based on the number of people at risk is estimated, mother's occupational status and whether they smoked during pregnancy.
Early childhood obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart and circulatory disease is a major cause, and is becoming more common in developed countries. According to NHS statistics, 17 per cent of the boys and two girls aged 15 in England, 15% are classified as obese.
Researchers followed 4,000 children born in Finland in 1986 using data from a study prepared formula. He initially investigated whether profiles using genetic obesity risk assessment can, but tests based on the common genetic variation have failed to predict accurately. Instead, they found that non-genetic information readily available at the time of birth was enough to predict which children will become obese. In the Finnish cohort formula proved valid, but study in Italy and the United States using data from tests
He said: "It takes very little examination, lab tests do not need it and it does not cost anything," Professor Philippe Froguel of Imperial College London, said the study led by public health of the school.
About 20 per cent of children most at risk, 80 percent of obese children is predicted. The researchers suggest that services such as dieticians and psychologists high-risk families with children can be introduced to assist in the prevention of excessive weight.
Professor Froguel said: "This is roughly once a small child, it is difficult for them to lose weight, then the best strategy is prevention, and as soon as possible as it is to start, ".may be. '
In order DNA testing for mutations in the price of technology falls Doctors may be available in the next few years.
Harvard University in the United States and Verona, Italy's University, Imperial researchers Oulu, Finland in collaboration with university colleagues have studied. Work in the Medical Research Council, Imperial College London, Oulu University NATIONAL DE LA Recherche Scientifique and the Centre was funded by.

First Evidence of Ocean Acidification Affecting Live Marine Creatures in the Southern Ocean

 

Shells of sea snails - pteropods known as - in the ocean around Antarctica for a new journal Nature Geoscience, according to a study published this week by ocean acidification is being dissolved. For small animals, fish and birds are a valuable source of food and marine carbon cycle plays an important role.
During a science cruise in 2008, the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) and the Woods Hole oceanographic institution, the University of East Anglia and national marine and atmospheric administration (NOAA) together with colleagues from (UEA), the researchers discovered serious breaches of the Southern Ocean The shells of pteropods in the waters.
The team inspected the area of ​​upwelling, where cold winds from deep water towards the ocean bottom pushed out of the top. Upwelled a specific type of water usually calcium carbonate (aragonite) pteropods use to build their shells are corrosive. The team found that ocean acidification as a result of the additional influence, the shells of pteropods dissolve corrosive deep water.
Ocean acidification caused by burning fossil fuels emitted as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is due to take over. A large number of laboratory experiments on marine biology potential impact of ocean acidification is demonstrated. However, date, such models continue to live in their natural environment's impact has been very little evidence. Search the marine ecosystems and food webs to predict the effects of ocean acidification is important to support perhaps.
Lead author Dr. Nina Bednaršek, the boss and the UEA, and now a national marine and atmospheric administration (NOAA) of the said: "We know that a certain depth below sea-water shells is aragonite corrosive - the is 'saturation horizon' -., which is found in the depths around 1000m, in one of our sampling sites, we found that the natural upwelling and ocean acidification 200m in depth through a combination ofIn addition, as a result of induced carbon dioxide, dissolved attended. "
Science Cruise co-author and leader boss Dr Geraint Tarling, said: He said that although upwelling sites are natural phenomena that occur in the Southern Ocean, where, for example, saturation horizon 'overA good indication of the health of a major food source. Are.'
Co-author Dr Dorothee Bakker from the University of East Anglia, said: "Climate Model winds in the Southern Ocean during the 21st century, the continued rapid increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere response to this, it was operated and will increase the upwelling. possible to make an example of deep water - in which aragonite drive - faster than in the upper ocean current forecast for aragonite-saturation horizon in the winter of 2050 South Ocean reach the upper level layers., and by the year 2100.
The Research UK Natural Environment Research (NERC) Council and the European Union Curie Early Stage Training Network was funded by.

Rapid Changes in Climate Don't Slow Some Lizards

 Rapid Changes in Climate Don't Slow Some Lizards

 
Cold tolerance stiffer than a tropical lizard scientists had suspected. A new study reveals that the lizard Anolis cristatellus Puerto Rican Miami have adapted to the cold winter. The results also suggest that the lizard climate change due to temperature variation may be able to afford.
is, "Duke biologist Manuel Leal, co-author of the study, of which 6 American naturalist appears in the December issue.
Scientists have already proposed that the lizard was cold-blooded, the temperature or cold would not be able to afford to adopt.
Humans, however, around 1975 Miami Puerto Rican Native A. cristatellus is introduced. In Miami, Puerto Rico cold of the winter the average temperature is about 10 degrees Celsius. Average summer temperatures are similar.
Leal and his graduate student Alex Gunderson Pinecrest area of ​​Miami and Puerto Rico in the northeastern A. cristatellus occupied. North Carolina lab animals, they brought them back, a lizard cloaca slid a thermometer and a series of cold wind chill temperatures. The scientists then looked after himself well, he flipped on his back was so easy for lizards.
Miami lizard from Puerto Rico myself temperature of 3 degrees Celsius cooler than the lizards were flipped. Flip animals on the low-temperature cold temperatures, which is beneficial when the air temperature reduction potential, Leal said the high tolerances.
,,. " He said.
On this occasion, temperatures at least as important, is not dead lizard. They have lost control of their coordinates.Body temperature too cold for the muscles to work properly, "he said.
Leal explained that 3 degree Celsius difference "This relatively large and when we take into account that it is located about 35 generations, is also impressive." Change most a few hundred thousands or millions of years of evolution on a time scale is. Thirty-five years is a time scale during which there is a human life, then we can observe the progress of change, he said.
Cold tolerance in lizard "for some tropical species provides a glimpse of hope," Leal said, cautioning that the scientists do not know how quickly tolerance to high temperatures - climate change and the The result - can develop.
Gunderson said he and other lizard species studied to test heat tolerance to cold temperatures can adjust the test is working well.

Hubble Space Telescope discovers loose spiral galaxy

 Hubble Space Telescope discovers loose spiral galaxy

 
Astronomers a new loose spiral galaxy full of gas and dust seen in the claim, NASA / ESA hubble space telescope using.
, NASA said in a statement galaxy ESO G37 499 Hydra, which is shared with Antlia Star is located at the southern border.
Milky Way spiral arms are large amounts of gas and dust, and often in areas where new stars are constantly making.
Most feature a bright center of galaxy is elongated. bulging central core usually has the highest density of stars in the Galaxy, where usually a large group of relatively cool old stars compact, spheroidal region is packed in contains.
A common feature of many spiral galaxies running across the center of the galaxy is present. The center bars with spiral arms as a mechanism that channels gas to work, thinking, star formation is enhanced.
Recent studies suggest that ESO 499-G37 sits in the center of a small bar with a few hundred tenth year of light about the size of a typical galactic bar.
The astronomers believe that the formation of galactic bulges in small bars because they are internal to external areas from demolition can provide a mechanism can.
However, the relationship between time and still create the bulge bars in spiral galaxies is not universal feature is not clear.
This is a joint European Southern Observatory (ESO) and Uppsala Observatory, La Silla Observatory, who, Chile, ESO 1 m Schmidt telescope, used in a large part of the southern sky, looking for stars, galaxies status initiated by Map was planned, clusters, and planetary nebulae.
And infrared galaxy surveys show a high degree camera with the wide field channel was imaged using investment. Field of view is about 3.4 arcminutes wide.

Manipulate light on a microchip Metamaterials

Manipulate light on a microchip Metamaterials

Penn State University ScienceDaily (23 November, 2012) - transformation optics and metamaterials using a set of new tools, engineers small optical devices based on the chip can be used in optical integrated circuits designed for is equivalent electronic circuits that integrate computer and mobile phone possible.
In the short term control of light on a microchip, optical communication and can improve the sensing material interacts with the electromagnetic waves are allowed. In the medium term, integrated optical circuits for infrared imaging systems are possible. That way lies more high-speed optical computing. Equality leading the way forward, and the construction of structures smaller than wavelength of light requires some twists.
A refraction phenomenon can be seen in the way light bends naturally as a wealth of other cross bow is a stick in the water. On such a hot day on the road or desert mirages shimmer illusion of water, hot and cold air layers are due to the difference in refractive indices. New field of transformation optics (TO) in the 150-year-old Maxwell in a strict mathematical method metamaterials, custom designed artificial formation with refractive indexes, known as the equation of propagation of light structure applicable Bending the Light uses this trend. the most famous of metamaterials cloaking devices and applications are excellent lenses, but they are only the tip of the iceberg theory.
Science and Applications, Nature Publishing Group, Electrical Engineering Professor Douglas Werner,, and their positions and PhD DOC published by Wu Qi: A new online student newspaper Jeremiah Journal Turpin change in light optics using a single platform for the design of practical devices offer a unified theory. Werner says that "the field (change optics) is in its early stages, therefore, be a part of,". "Our major contribution is figuring out how with simple material parameters for design without affecting performance, and devices connected together to form a chip is integrated photonic systems."
In addition, the design of light collimators, take the light from a source and one or more tightly focused beam, waveguide couplers, which connect different size waveguides splitters, the waveguide input two or Production and distribution of electricity in more than waveguides are focusing, waveguide crossings, loss or crosstalk in the compact spaces without light and benders, without loss around the corner street light turn. These devices only five to ten microns in size, and therefore several centimeters in size can fit on a chip.
"This is a common design for this transformation optics devices and have been trying," Werner said. Jeremy refuses design tools behind artificial Qi is developing algorithms written. Application targeted to achieve the best design, virtual Thousands powerful optimization technique developed in our group using can perform. '
Transformation optics devices that diverse, with simple functions can be added and optical communications, imaging, computing and photonic sensing system for building complex, the authors said. The present approach, a variety of methods and materials that can be integrated on a single platform using the device's design. Werner Group's technology, on the other hand, there are holes or bars such as sample index metamaterial structures, silicon on insulator photonic chip a platform system that integrates easily, ratings, employees broad bandwidth and low loss.
Werner described in the paper will design all realistic with current fab process can build, said. "It's like CAD tool," he explains, computer-aided design tools used in manufacturing referring to. He said optical device design changes for custom optics is denied and optimization tools as well. "He continued," These new tools that are flexible enough then there is all that opens the possibility of creating. '
Partial support for this work was provided by NSF MRSEC.

Farmed salmon nutrients from waste could feed marine industry

Farmed salmon nutrients from waste could feed marine industry

ScienceDaily (23 November, 2012) - salmon production from waste waters off the coast of Norway is. Researchers say this is a medium - NOK 6 billion worth per year - for a new biological product will be exploited.
2009 Norway fish salmon and salmon fish farms produce over a million tons, 1.2 million tons of high quality feed and went into production. But administered products breathing in plenty of feed, faeces and uneaten feed around the water continues.
This means that an important part of aquaculture feed industry actually both organic and inorganic waste is fertilising the ocean with nutrients. The cost of these nutrients is estimated at NOK 6 billion annually.
High economic growth, low pollution
Project "Integrated aquaculture sea water high yield (integrated) areas for sustainable culture technology," researchers studied the kelp waste and / or mussels harvested for use as nutrients can be is. The science and (NTNU) Norway University of Technology Associate Professor Kjell Inge Reitan was led by the Research Council of Norway's initiative to promote sustainable seafood production as part of the funding 've received.
"The integrated approach than trophic aquaculture (IMTA) significant investment in aquaculture will provide added value," explains Dr. Reitan, "while at the same time reduce the potentially adverse environmental effects have to. "
Environmental organizations are important aquaculture waste harmful to the environment.
Kelp can help: Many application areas.
Carrying out experiments in a research institute SINTEF researchers documented the harvest of kelp aquaculture facilities is progressing well. Mussel cultivation under similar conditions shows promise.
Kelp inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus discharged by fish farms are required in large quantities. Norway, one of the most common species of macroalgae, Laminaria saccharina - sea kelp strip or sugar is known as - especially for use as biofuel and feed additive for industrial and chemical grow out It's a promise. Dr. Reitan to mass with several companies on kelp cultivation for the production of bioenergy cooperation is seen.
"The growth in bioenergy production and feed needs to be encouraged by the players," stressed Dr. Reitan it. "I can not believe kelp salmon farming industry trade in agriculture will be added in the near future, the integrated production industry will increase sustainability and greener profile."
Kelp should grow all year
Produced in Norway by industrial discharge on the basis of statistics, researchers from kelp IMTA process 1.7 million tons of annual capacity is estimated at 0.6. IMTA mussels harvested using methods for the assessment of capacity is 7 200 21 500 tonnes. The scale cultivation of 82 250 square kilometers of sea area will need. Worldwide, approximately 14 million tons of aquatic plants are harvested annually.
Kelp is harvested year-round effort required skill. SINTEF researchers in the artificial cultivation of year-round sugar kelp sporophytes (juvenile plants) has successfully organized.
SINTEF research scientist Silje Forbord said "This strong growth potential of kelp possible when conditions are favorable exploit that."
mussel cultivation Quadrupling
Researchers estimate that Norway IMTA salmon production methods using waste to use nutrients that four times current annual capacity of 3 mussels 000 5 000 tons of agricultural crops to achieve.
Research Council's Research Programme Aquaculture - Growth (HAVBRUK) an industry "aykuaklcr exploitation of nutrients from salmon (exploitation)" research project is to determine how to find and cultivate kelp and mussel maximum use of facilities loss of nutrients designed to aquaculture industry.