10 Great Scientists of the World
Scientists have enormous contribution in the advancement of human civilization. Throughout the history of the world, many scientists
have dedicated their lives for research and innovation. Some of them
even faced a lot of torture for their theories but they continued their
mission and thus we are now in a modern world. I have made a list of 10 great scientists
in the history. Well, naturally, I had to leave out a lot of great
figures. However, I feel that my list represents some of the greatest scientists ever.
Aristotle
Aristotle
is the Great philosopher who had a vast knowledge in different
disciplines. Studying different subject he contributed a lot in each of
those subjects. He contributed in physics, poetry, zoology, logic,
rhetoric, politics, government, ethics, and biology. This laurel Greek
philosopher was born in Stagira in 384 BC. His father Nicomachus was a physician to the king Amyntas III of Macedon’s court and it is believed that their ancestors
also held this position. Earlier in his life he was taught by his
father at home and the medical knowledge he got from his father led him
to investigate natural phenomenon later on. At the age of 18 he admitted
in to the young Greek aristocracy run by Plato, another Great Greek
philosopher, and Aristotle became the most favorite student of Plato.
As
a scientist Aristotle made a good contribution which was very
influential for the development of the science over the year. Mainly he
spent most of his life researching the natural science and he did the
researches without making reference to the Mathematics which was later
proven as the weakness of his research by the scientists.
His natural science oriented research includes botany, zoology,
physics, astronomy, chemistry, and meteorology, geometry and many more.
He was also the teacher of the Great warrior Alexander the Great. This
great philosopher died n 322 BC.
Image Link: Wikipedia
Sir Isaac Newton
Newton was also a man of versatile quality. He was physicist,
mathematician, astronomer, alchemist, and natural philosopher in a row.
His contribution in the development of science is a special one. He I
best known for his explanation of Universal Gravitation and three laws
of motion, and he was able to prove that the reason of both the motion
of objects on Earth and of celestial bodies are controlled by the same
Neutral laws. These findings could make a revolutionary change in the
development of science. In mechanical science his great contribution was
in optics. He could make a reflecting telescope. He also made some
research on light and stars. His research on General binomial Theorem
helped to be introduced today’s Calculus.
Newton
was born to a farmer family but before three months of his birth his
father died and then he was brought up to his maternal grandmother as
her mother remarried. Newton could show his talent from his early life in The King’s School in Grantham and later he joined to the Cambridge University where he took his higher degrees.
Galileo Galilei
Galileo
is considered as one of the greatest contributor to the development of
Science. It is undoubtedly true that Galileo could first helped science
to come out of the trend of Aristotle. He was physicist,
astronomer, and philosopher and his best known contributions lie in the
development of Telescope, first two laws of motion and also in
Astronomy. He is also considered as the father of astronomy, father of
physics and father of science.
He was born to a mathematician and musician father Vincenzo Galilei and his mother was Giulia Ammannati in Italy.
He was taught form his very early life. He was the first scientist who
followed the way of quantitative experiments in his research where the
result was based on mathematics. He had to suffer a lot from the church
for his theories.
Image Link: Galileo
Charles Robert Darwin
There can be debate about whether Charles Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882)
is the greatest scientist of all time but there is no doubt that he is
the most controversial scientist of all time. On the Origin of Species
by Means of Natural Selection (1859)- this is the book that has made Darwin immortal in the world history. This book has changed the course of science radically. It is perhaps an irony that Darwin studied theology and instead of becoming a clergy, he became naturalist.
Darwin
went to different parts of the world and carried out extensive
research. His theory about origin of human beings caused widespread
controversy. Darwin stated
that human beings have evolved through many changes and survival of the
fittest was in important factor in the development of animal world. Darwin’s theory still causes passionate debate among his supporters and opponents.
Image Link: Charles Darwin
Albert Einstein
Einstein is the great scientist of the twentieth century and notable physicist of all time. It is told that he had learning disability
in his childhood. He could not talk till he was three and could not
read till he was eight. Despite such problems he later became the noble
prize winner for his contribution to the Physics. His theory of
relativity is considered as a revolutionary development of Physics. He
got Noble Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the
Photoelectric Effect and for his research in Theoretical physics.
Image Link: Wikipedia
Thomas Edison
Edison is the great inventor who has over 1000 patents and his inventions are in various fields used in our daily life. In his early life he was thought to have a learning disability and he could not read till he was twelve and later he himself admitted that he became deaf
after pulling up to a train car by his ears. He first could able to
turn the attention of the world after inventing Phonograph. His one of
the most popular invention is the Electric Bulb. He also developed the telegraph system. His invention
of carbon telephone transmitter developed the carbon microphone which
was used in the telephoned till 1980. He also became a prominent
businessman and his business institution produced his inventions and marketed the products to the general people.
Image Link: Wikipedia
Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta
Volta
was Italian physicist and he is best known for his contribution to the
development of electric battery. This benevolent scientist is also
regarded as one of the founder of the electric age. His parents sent him
to the Jesuit school intending to make him a Jurist. He also taught in
the University of Pavia for 25 year. After that in 1800 he could make voltaic pile
which could produce steady electric current. He then worked on to
develop the electric bulb. For his work in the electric development he
was given a count by Napoleon. Emperor of Austria honored him naming him a professor of Philosophy at Padova. For his honor an electric unit Volt was named after him.
Image Link: Wikipedia
Stephen Hawking
This famous scientist is considered as the greatest scientist of the twentieth century after Einstein. Haw king’s big bang theory and black hole theory has turned the attention of the world. He is the professor of Mathematics of the University of Cambridge.
Though he is now about to be paralyzed, he is teaching through a
computer supported a machine by which his world are compiled. His
physical illness could not make him stop form his research. His famous
book is “A Brief History of Time”.
Image Link: Wikipedia
Louis Pasteur
He
is one of the most famous contributors in the medical science. He first
introduced the germ theory of diseases. This is regarded as the base of
today’s microbiology. He found
out some of the notion of the microbe and he could find out that the
viruses were not detectable through microscope. Another important
contribution of Pasteur is to protect harmful microbes in a way called
“Pasteurization” where harmful microbes are destroyed by hitting the
food. He is undoubtedly the most influential scientist in medical
science.
Image Link: Louis Pasteur
Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose
He was the first renowned Bengali scientist who had an important contribution in the invention of Radio and microwave optics. He was born in Mymensingh in Bengal which is the current Munshiganj District in Bangladesh. He studied in Hare school in Kolkata and then he got his B.A. in Science degree from Calcutta University. Then he went to England and got a B.A. degree from Cambridge University and a B.Sc. from London University. After coming back to the country he started teaching Physics in the Presidency College
at Kolkata. In his teaching career he had to prove his quality and
talent as he was the first Indian to teach Science at the college. In
1894 he started to research on Radio wave to make wireless communication
equipments. At the same time Italy’s Marconi also was researching on this project. He first invented "iron-mercury-iron
coherer with telephone detector" and he is the first person to use a
semiconductor junction to catch the radio waves. It is said that his
work on millimeter wavelength made him 50 years ahead. Considering such
things it is said that he was the real inventor of Radio but due to his
less seriousness towards patent and the communication gap made Marconi
to be regarded as the inventor of Radio.
After
that he contributed in plant where he could make some vital theory of
ascent of sap. In this research he showed that some living cells in the
endodermis junction are the reason for the ascent of sap.
Image Link: Wikipedia
Guglielmo Marchese Marconi
Marconi is a Nobel laureate physicist from Italy.
He is best known for his invention of Radio and he first introduced
wireless telegraph system. He was born to a landowner father Giuseppe
Marconi and his mother was Annie Jameson. He was very interested to
science form his early life. He initially started working on
electromagnetic wave or radio waves invented by Heinrich Hertz. Then
after a long research he could figure out such a technology to
communicate without wire. After his invention, he marketed this
equipment for the commercial purpose and at that time he got a
competitor free market in the U.S.
